Monitoring apparatus and system

ABSTRACT

An individual signal unit; each said individual signal unit including;
     (a) a transceiver module,   (b) a power supply,   (c) a logic circuit,   (d) at least one of a number of external event sensors,   
and wherein a signal from a said individual signal unit to a central control facility causes said central control facility to execute one or more predefined steps; at least some of said predefined steps configured or reconfigurable by an owner of said individual signal unit; at least some of the predefined steps provided by one or more independent parties; at least some predetermined steps configured or reconfigurable by said independent parties.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS AND PRIORITY

This patent application is Continuation-in-Part of and claims priority from U.S Pat. Application No. 16/417,265 filed May 20, 2019, which is a Continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No. 14/667,903 filed Mar. 25, 2015, which is a Continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No. 13/846,531 filed Mar. 18, 2013, which is a Continuation of U.S. Pat. Application No. 12/373,506 filed Jan. 2, 2009, which claims priority from PCT Pat. Application No. PCT/AU2007/000958 filed Jul. 12, 2007, which claims priority from Australian Patent Application No. AU 2006903740 filed Jul. 12, 2006 and Australian Patent Application No. AU 2007902358 filed May 4, 2007. Each of these patent applications are incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to error and incident reporting apparatus and systems and, more particularly, to a system adapted to monitoring and acting upon status signals emanating from widely diverse and geographically separated installations.

BACKGROUND

The efficient functioning of modern societies relies on innumerable discrete items of infrastructure. In many cases, particularly where such items are located in remote or difficult to reach or monitor locations, a malfunction or adverse incident may remain undetected for considerable lengths of time causing inconvenience, economic loss or even potentially hazardous situations.

Regular inspection of many such items of infrastructure in remote areas, for example irrigation sluices, gates, stock watering troughs, etc. is usually impractical. Similar impracticality or prohibitive expense is associated with the monitoring for example of such items as tool sheds at building sites, tool boxes on trucks, and equipment and plant remaining on construction sites, etc.

The need for monitoring is, of course, not restricted to remote areas. Security and status of equipment, buildings and vehicles and the like is important everywhere. However, setting up a monitoring system is frequently a complicated procedure, often involving complex wiring of hardware installations, site visits by professional personnel.

It is an object of the present invention to address or at least ameliorate some of the above disadvantages.

NOTE

1. The term “comprising” (and grammatical variations thereof) is used in this specification in the inclusive sense of “having” or “including,” and not in the exclusive sense of “consisting only of.”

2. The terms “owner,” “user,” “registered user” are used interchangeably in this specification for any person authorized to predefine the steps to be executed in response to a signal from an individual signal unit (ISU) .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION

Accordingly, in one broad form of the invention there is provided an individual signal unit; each said individual signal unit including;

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a power supply, -   (c) a logic circuit, -   (d) at least one of a number of event sensors,

and wherein a signal from a said individual signal unit to a central control facility causes said central control facility to execute one or more predefined steps; at least some of said predefined steps configured or reconfigurable by an owner of said individual signal unit; at least some of the predefined steps provided by one or more independent parties; at least some predetermined steps configured or reconfigurable by said independent parties.

In a further broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system including an individual signal unit; said individual signal unit communicating with a central control facility when an event sensor activates said individual signal unit; said central control facility executing a number of predefined steps on receipt of a communication from said individual signal unit; at least some of said predefined steps configured or reconfigurable by an owner of said individual signal unit; at least some of the predefined steps provided by one or more independent parties; at least some predetermined steps configured or reconfigurable by said independent parties.

Preferably, a communication between said individual signal unit and said central control facility is not limited by distance.

Preferably, said individual signal unit may be located at any location relative said central control facility.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is mobility independent of said central control facility.

Preferably, said communication between said individual signal unit and said central control facility is by means of any communication network.

Preferably, said predefined steps include a communication between said central control facility and a said owner or registered user of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said communication between said central control facility and said owner or registered user is by means of any communication network.

Preferably, said predefined steps may include a first layer and a secondary layer of said predefined steps.

Preferably, said secondary layer of predefined steps may be executed by said central control facility in accordance with a reply to a said communication between said central control facility and a said owner or registered user.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is programmable.

Preferably, said individual signal unit includes a graphic display.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is configurable to accept signal input from any external sensing device.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is configurable to allow output signals to any said communication network.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is adapted for integration into products as an original equipment manufacture (OEM) module.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a database and a server; said central control facility maintaining an Internet web site on said server.

Preferably, said system provides a means of asset monitoring; said asset monitoring alerting a said owner or registered user to an incident affecting a said asset.

Preferably, said predefined steps include activation of an output device connected to a said individual signal unit.

Preferably, data flow between a tool source and said central control facility is bidirectional.

Preferably, data flow between said central control facility and an individual signal unit is bidirectional.

Preferably, data flow between said central control facility and a user computer is bidirectional.

Preferably, said independent party provides a pre-programmed tool and associated pre-programmed ISU.

Preferably, said independent party provides follow—on services in response to a particular event detected by an ISU.

Preferably, the follow-on services are provided by a freelance provider.

Preferably, the freelance provider advertises their availability on a website controlled by said central control facility.

Preferably, said independent party engages the services of said freelance provider.

Preferably, control of event monitoring is passed to said central control facility by said owner.

Preferably, said independent party advertises on said website in association with tool provision.

Accordingly, in one broad form of the invention, there is provided an infrastructure monitoring system; said apparatus including a plurality of geographically disparate individual signal units in communication with a central control facility via at least one communication satellite; said individual signal units adapted to change from a first stand-by state to a second powered up state on the occurrence of a change of status of an item of said infrastructure; each device of said individual signal units transmitting a signal to said central control facility during said powered up state; said signal triggering a programmed predefined sequence of responses; each said device returning to said stand-by state after transmission of a said signal.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a unique signal unit identification code ; said unique identification code comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a signal transceiver module.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a rechargeable power supply.

Preferably, said rechargeable power supply us recharged by a solar cell array.

Preferably, each said individual signal units is provided with at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a change in status of a said item of infrastructure.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit receives an input signal from said at least one external event sensor at said change of status.

Preferably, each said at least one external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code; said unique sequence of repeat transmissions comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with an external event sensor interface adapted to monitor signals from at least one remote external event sensor.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with tamper monitoring means; said tamper monitoring means associated with one said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a transceiver module in communication with said at least one satellite.

Preferably, said transceiver module is linked to server and data storage devices; said server and data storage devices adapted to process signals received from any one of said individual signal units.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate any of a plurality of pre-programmed outputs; said outputs dependent on said unique identification code and said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code comprising a received said signal.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate coded data for transmission to said individual signal units.

Preferably, said coded data transmitted to a said individual signal unit includes instructions for programmed responses by a said individual signal unit to inputs received from said one or more external event sensors.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one output relay; said at least one output relay adapted to control an external device.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate predetermined communications to at least one nominated recipient; said communications dependent on signals received from a said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient isregistered user of said monitoring system.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient isservice provider to said monitoring system.

Preferably, a said registered user of said monitoring system is enabled to register a said individual signal unit with said central control facility over the Internet.

Preferably, registration of said individual signal unit includes provision of data relevant to responses to external sensor events by said individual signal unit and by said central control facility.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a method for monitoring the status of at least one aspect of geographically disparate items of infrastructure; said method including the steps of:

-   (a) installing an individual signal unit at each of said items of     infrastructure, -   (b) providing said individual signal unit with at least one external     event sensor and a signal transceiver, -   (c) linking said individual sensor unit with a central control     facility via a satellite link, -   (d) providing said central control facility with server and data     storage devices; said devices adapted to execute pre-programmed     responses to a signal received from a said individual signaling     device.

Preferably, each said individual signal unit includes:

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a rechargeable power supply and power control module; -   (c) a logic circuit; -   (d) at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said method includes the further steps of:

-   (a) providing each said individual signal unit with a unique     individual signal unit identification code, -   (b) associating a unique sequence of repeat transmission of said     identification code for each said external event sensor, -   (c) programming said individual signal unit to transmit a signal     comprising said unique sequence of repeat transmission     identification code of said individual signal unit to said central     control facility on the occurrence of a change of said status of a     said item of infrastructure, -   (d) executing said pre-programmed responses to a signal received     from a said individual signaling device.

Accordingly, in a first broad form of the invention, there is provided an apparatus and monitoring system for response to incidents sensed by at least one sensor of an individual signal unit; said response comprising in a first instance, transmission to a central control facility by a said individual signal unit, of at least a unique identifying code for that individual signal unit, over a communication network; said response comprising in a second instance, transmission of data from said central control facility to one or more recipients nominated by a registered owner of said individual signal unit; and wherein registration of a said individual signal unit and configuration of sensing and of said response is via a web-based interface.

Preferably, said response in said first instance includes digital or analogue data input to said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said digital or analogue data is transmitted to said central control facility in real time.

Preferably, said digital or analogue data is stored, prior transmission, on a data storage device of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one sensor is incorporated within said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one sensor is an external sensor connected to an input port of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said individual signal unit further includes arechargeable power supply.

Preferably, said rechargeable power supply is recharged by a solar cell array.

Preferably, said web-based interface includes at least one web page; said web page provided with at least one data entry field.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a unique individual signal unit identification code; said unique identification code comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each said at least one external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code; said unique sequence of repeat transmissions comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, of each said individual signal units is provided with at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a change in stimulus of said sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a predefined stimulus.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit receives an input signal from said at least one external event sensor at said change in stimulus.

Preferably, said central control facility includes atransceiver module in communication with said communication network.

Preferably, said transceiver module is linked to server and data storage devices; said server and data storage devices adapted to process signals received from any one of said individual signal units.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate at least one pre-programmed outputs; said output or outputs dependent on said unique identification code.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one input; said at least one input adapted to communicate with one said sensor.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one output; said at least one output adapted to control an external device.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate predetermined communications to at least one nominated recipient; said communications dependent on a signal received from a said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is an owner of a said individual signal unit registered with said monitoring system.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is a service provider nominated by said owner of a said individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention, there is provided an individual signal unit; each said individual signal unit including;

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a rechargeable power supply and power control module, -   (c) a logic circuit, -   (d) at least one external event sensor,

and wherein a signal from a said individual signal unit to a central control facility causes said central control facility to execute anumber of predefined steps; said predefined steps configured by an owner of said individual signal unit.

In another broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system; said apparatus comprising an individual signal unit and at least one owner selectable sensor connected to said individual signal unit; said individual signal unit and said at least one sensor registered by said user with a central control facility; wherein said individual signal unit is programmed to transmit a unique device identification code to said central control facility when said at least one sensor detects an incident; said central control facility responding to a transmitted said unique device identification code according to protocols established at registration of said unit by said owner.

In yet a further broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system enabled by the internet and a communication system; said system including a number of individual signal units; each of said devices connected to at least one owner selectable sensor; each of said individual signal units and said at least one sensor registered with a central control facility by said owner over said internet; said central control facility responding to an incident sensed by a said sensor according to protocols established at registration by a said owner.

In yet a further broad form of the invention, there is provided a method of monitoring the status of an item of interest; said method including the steps of:

-   (a) purchase by an owner of an individual signal unit and at least     one user selectable sensor for connection to said device, -   (b) registering said individual signal unit and said at least one     sensor with a central control facility, -   (c) configuring a response executable by said central control     facility on receipt by said facility of a signal transmitted by said     individual signal unit.

Preferably, said signal comprises a unique identifying code of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said registering of a said individual signal unit includes the steps of:

-   (d) accessing a web site maintained by said central control     facility, -   (e) establishing a user name and password with said central control     facility, -   (f) entering into said web site a registration code of said     individual signal unit, -   (g) entering a user selected identifier name for said individual     signal unit, -   (h) entering details of one or more sensors to be connected to said     individual signal unit, -   (i) entering details of said response executable by said central     control facility.

In another broad form of the invention, there is provided a method for monitoring the status of at least one aspect of geographically disparate items of infrastructure; said method including the steps of:

-   (a) installing an individual signal unit at each of said items of     infrastructure, -   (b) providing said individual signal unit with at least one external     event sensor and a signal transceiver, -   (c) linking said individual signal unit with a central control     facility via a communication network, -   (d) providing said central control facility with server and data     storage devices; said devices adapted to execute pre-programmed     responses to a signal received from a said individual signal ling     device.

In still another broad form of the invention, there is provided apparatus of an infrastructure monitoring system; said apparatus including a plurality of geographically disparate individual signal ling devices in communication with a central control facility via at least one communication satellite; said individual signal ling devices adapted to change from a first stand-by state to a second powered up state on the occurrence of a change of status of an item of said infrastructure; each device of said individual signaling devices transmitting a signal to said central control facility during said powered up state; said signal triggering a programmed predefined sequence of responses; each said device returning to said stand-by state after transmission of a said signal.

Preferably, each of said individual signaling devices is provided with a unique signal ling device identification code; said unique identification code comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signaling devices is provided with a signal transceiver module.

Preferably, each of said individual signaling devices is provided with a rechargeable power supply.

Preferably, said rechargeable power supply is recharged by a solar cell array.

Preferably, each said individual signaling devices is provided with at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a change in status of a said item of infrastructure.

Preferably, a said individual signaling device receives an input signal from said at least one external event sensor at said change of status.

Preferably, each said at least one external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code; said unique sequence of repeat transmissions comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signaling devices is provided with an external event sensor interface adapted to monitor signals from at least one remote external event sensor.

Preferably, each of said individual signaling devices is provided with tamper monitoring means; said tamper monitoring means associated with one said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a transceiver module in communication with said at least one satellite.

Preferably, said transceiver module is linked to server and data storage devices; said server and data storage devices adapted to process signals received from any one of said individual signaling devices.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate any of a plurality of pre-programmed outputs; said outputs dependent on said unique identification code and said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code comprising a received said signal.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate coded data for transmission to said individual signaling devices.

Preferably, said coded data transmitted to a said individual signaling device includes instructions for programmed responses by a said individual signal ling device to inputs received from said one or more external event sensors.

Preferably, a said individual signal ling device is provided with at least one output relay; said at least one output relay adapted to control an external device.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate predetermined communications to at least one nominated recipient; said communications dependent on signals received from a said individual signaling device.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is aregistered user of said monitoring system.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is a service provider to said monitoring system.

Preferably, a said registered user of said monitoring system is enabled to register a said individual signaling device with said central control facility over the Internet.

Preferably, registration of said individual signaling device includes provision of data relevant to responses to external sensor events by said individual signal ling device and by said central control facility.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a method for monitoring the status of at least one aspect of geographically disparate items of infrastructure; said method including the steps of:

-   (e) installing an individual signaling device at each of said items     of infrastructure, -   (f) providing said individual signaling device with at least one     external event sensor and a signal transceiver, -   (g) linking said individual signaling device with a central control     facility via a satellite link, -   (h) providing said central control facility with server and data     storage devices; said devices adapted to execute pre-programmed     responses to a signal received from a said individual signaling     device.

Preferably, each said individual signaling device includes:

-   (e) a transceiver module, -   (f) a rechargeable power supply and power control module, -   (g) a logic circuit, -   (h) at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said method includes the further steps of:

-   (a) providing each said individual signal ling device with a unique     signal Ling device identification code, -   (b) associating a unique sequence of repeat transmission of said     identification code for each said external event sensor, -   (c) programming said individual signal ling device to transmit a     signal comprising said unique sequence of repeat transmission     identification code of said signaling device to said central control     facility on the occurrence of a change of said status of a said item     of infrastructure, -   (d) executing said pre-programmed responses to a signal received     from a said individual signaling device.

In still another broad form of the invention, there is provided, an individual signal unit; each said individual signal unit including:

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a rechargeable power supply and power control module, -   (c) a logic circuit, -   (d) at least one of a number of selectable external event sensors,     and wherein a signal from a said individual signal unit to a central     control facility causes said central control facility to execute a     number of predefined steps; said predefined steps configured by an     owner of said individual signal unit.

In still another broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system including an individual signal unit; said individual signal unit communicating with a central control facility when an event sensor activates said individual signal unit; said central control facility executing a number of predefined steps on receipt of a communication from said individual signal unit; said predefined steps configured by an owner or registered user of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, a communication between said individual signal unit and said central control facility is not limited by distance.

Preferably, said individual signal unit may be located at any location relative said central control facility.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is mobility independent of said central control facility.

Preferably, said communication between said individual signal unit and said central control facility is by means of any communication network.

Preferably, said predefined steps include a communication between said central control facility and a said owner or registered user of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said communication between said central control facility and said owner or registered user is by means of any communication network.

Preferably, said predefined steps may include a first layer and a secondary layer of said predefined steps.

Preferably, selected ones of said secondary layer of predefined steps may be executed by said central control facility in accordance with a reply to a said communication between said central control facility and a said owner or registered user.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is programmable.

Preferably, said individual signal unit includes a graphic display.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is configurable to accept signal input from any external sensing device.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is configurable to allow output signals to any said communication network.

Preferably, said individual signal unit is adapted for integration into products as an original equipment manufacture (OEM) module.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a database and a server; said central control facility maintaining an Internet web site on said server.

Preferably, said system provides a means of asset monitoring; said asset alerting a said owner or registered user to an incident affecting a said asset.

Preferably, said predefined steps include activation of an output device connected to a said individual signal unit.

In another broad form of the invention, there is provided a method of deriving revenue from a monitoring system; said monitoring system including a remotely located individual signal unit in communication with a central control facility; said method including:

-   (a) selling said individual signal units -   (b) renting said individual signal units -   (c) charging periodic registration fees -   (d) charging for network services -   (e) charging for development, programming and design -   (f) charging license fees for custom or retrofitted applications -   (g) collecting industry co-operation commissions -   (h) charging license fees for monitoring agents and service     providers

Accordingly, in one broad form of the invention, there is provided apparatus of an infrastructure monitoring system; said apparatus including a plurality of geographically disparate individual signal units in communication with a central control facility via at least one communication satellite; said individual signal units adapted to change from a first stand-by state to a second powered up state on the occurrence of a change of status of an item of said infrastructure; each device of said individual signal units transmitting a signal to said central control facility during said powered up state; said signal triggering a programmed predefined sequence of responses; each said device returning to said stand-by state after transmission of a said signal.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a unique signal unit identification code; said unique identification code comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a signal transceiver module.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a rechargeable power supply.

Preferably, said rechargeable power supply is recharged by a solar cell array.

Preferably, each individual is provided with at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a change in status of a said item of infrastructure.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit receives an input signal from said at least one external event sensor at said change of status.

Preferably, each said at least one external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code; said unique sequence of repeat transmissions comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with an external event sensor interface adapted to monitor signals from at least one remote external event sensor.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with tamper monitoring means; said tamper monitoring means associated with one said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a transceiver module in communication with said at least one satellite.

Preferably, said transceiver module is linked to server and data storage devices; said server and data storage devices adapted to process signals received from any one of said individual signal units.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate any of a plurality of pre-programmed outputs ; said outputs dependent on said unique identification code and said unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code comprising a received said signal.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate coded data for transmission to said individual signal units.

Preferably, said coded data transmitted to a said individual signal unit includes instructions for programmed responses by a said individual signal unit to inputs received from said one or more external event sensors.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one output relay; said at least one output relay adapted to control an external device.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate predetermined communications to at least one nominated recipient; said communications dependent on signals received from a said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is a registered user of said monitoring system.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is aservice provider to said monitoring system.

Preferably, a said registered user of said monitoring system is enabled to register a said individual signal unit with said central control facility over the Internet.

Preferably, registration of said individual signal unit includes provision of data relevant to responses to external sensor events by said individual signal unit and by said central control facility.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a method for monitoring the status of at least one aspect of geographically disparate items of infrastructure; said method including the steps of:

-   (i) installing an individual signal unit at each of said items of     infrastructure, -   (j) providing said individual signal unit with at least one external     event sensor and a signal transceiver, -   (k) linking said individual signal unit with a central control     facility via a satellite link, -   (l) providing said central control facility with server and data     storage devices; said devices adapted to execute pre-programmed     responses to a signal received from a said individual signaling     device.

Preferably, each said individual signal unit includes;

-   (i) a transceiver module, -   (j) a rechargeable power supply and power control module, -   (k) a logic circuit, -   (l) at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said method includes the further steps of:

-   (a) providing each said individual signal unit with a unique     individual signal unit identification code, -   (b) associating a unique sequence of repeat transmission of said     identification code for each said external event sensor, -   (c) programming said individual signal unit to transmit a signal     comprising said unique sequence of repeat transmission     identification code of said individual signal unit to said central     control facility on the occurrence of a change of said status of a     said item of infrastructure, -   (d) executing said pre-programmed responses to a signal received     from a said individual signal ling device.

Accordingly, in a first broad form of the invention, there is provided an apparatus and monitoring system for response to incidents sensed by at least one sensor of an individual signal unit; said response comprising in a first instance, transmission to a central control facility by a said individual signal unit, of at least a unique identifying code for that individual signal unit, over a communication network; said response comprising in a second instance, transmission of data from said central control facility to one or more recipients nominated by a registered owner of said individual signal unit; and wherein registration of a said individual signal unit and configuration of sensing and of said response is via a web-based interface.

Preferably, said response in said first instance includes digital or analogue data input to said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said digital or analogue data is transmitted to said central control facility in real time.

Preferably, said digital or analogue data is stored, prior transmission, on a data storage device of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one sensor is incorporated within said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one sensor is an external sensor connected to an input port of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said individual signal unit further includes a rechargeable power supply.

Preferably, said rechargeable power supply us recharged by a solar cell array.

Preferably, said web-based interface includes at least one web page; said web page provided with at least one data entry field.

Preferably, each of said individual signal units is provided with a unique identification code comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, each said at least one external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code; said unique sequence of repeat transmissions comprising said signal transmitted to said central control facility.

Preferably, of each said individual signal units is provided with at least one external event sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a change in stimulus of said sensor.

Preferably, said at least one external event sensor is adapted to respond to a predefined stimulus.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit receives an input signal from said at least one external event sensor at said change in stimulus.

Preferably, said central control facility includes a transceiver module in communication with said communication network.

Preferably, said transceiver module is linked to server and data storage devices; said server and data storage devices adapted to process signals received from any one of said individual signal units.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate at least one pre-programmed outputs; said output or outputs dependent on said unique identification code.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one input; said at least one input adapted to communicate with one said sensor.

Preferably, a said individual signal unit is provided with at least one output; said at least one output adapted to control an external device.

Preferably, said server and data storage devices are adapted to initiate predetermined communications to at least one nominated recipient; said communications dependent on a signal received from a said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is an owner of a said individual signal unit registered with said monitoring system.

Preferably, said at least one nominated recipient is a service provider nominated by said owner of a said individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention, there is provided an individual signal unit; each said individual signal unit including; a transceiver module,

-   (e) a transceiver module, -   (f) a rechargeable power supply and power control module, -   (g) a logic circuit, -   (h) at least one external event sensor,

and wherein a signal from a said individual signal unit to a central control facility causes said central control facility to execute a number of predefined steps; said predefined steps configured by an owner of said individual signal unit.

In another broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system; said apparatus comprising an individual signal unit and at least one owner selectable sensor connected to said individual signal unit; said individual signal unit and said at least one sensor registered by said user with a central control facility; wherein said individual signal unit is programmed to transmit a unique device identification code to said central control facility when said at least one sensor detects an incident; said central control facility responding to a transmitted said unique device identification code according to protocols established at registration of said unit by said owner.

In yet a further broad form of the invention, there is provided a monitoring system enabled by the internet and a communication system; said system including a number of individual signal units; each of said devices connected to at least one owner selectable sensor; each of said individual signal units and said at least one sensor registered with a central control facility by said owner over said internet; said central control facility responding to an incident sensed by a said sensor according to protocols established at registration by a said owner.

In yet a further broad form of the invention, there is provided a method of monitoring the status of an item of interest; said method including the steps of:

-   (i) purchase by an owner of an individual signal unit and at least     one user selectable sensor for connection to said device -   (j) registering said individual signal unit and said at least one     sensor with a central control facility, -   (k) configuring a response executable by said central control     facility on receipt by said facility of a signal transmitted by said     individual signal unit.

Preferably, said signal comprises a unique identifying code of said individual signal unit.

Preferably, said registering of a said individual signal unit includes the steps of:

-   (l) accessing a web site maintained by said central control     facility, -   (m) establishing a user name and password with said central control     facility, -   (n) entering into said web site a registration code of said     individual signal unit, -   (o) entering a user selected identifier name for said individual     signal unit, -   (p) entering details of one or more sensors to be connected to said     individual signal unit, -   (q) entering details of said response executable by said central     control facility.

In another broad form of the invention, there is provided a method for monitoring the status of at least one aspect of geographically disparate items of infrastructure; said method including the steps of:

-   (r) installing an individual signal unit at each of said items of     infrastructure, -   (s) providing said individual signal unit with at least one external     event sensor and a signal transceiver, -   (t) linking said individual signal unit with a central control     facility via a communication network, -   (u) providing said central control facility with server and data     storage devices; said devices adapted to execute pre-programmed     responses to a signal received from a said individual signal ling     device.

In a further broad from of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one local     signaling device; -   register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one     or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled     to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said local     signaling device, said third party output devices or external event     sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third     party output devices or external event sensors, -   said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through     user data entry into a web-based interface, a set of predefined     steps to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with     said third party-provided functions; -   receive a signal from said signaling device; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating     instructions to said one or more third party output devices.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to perform at least one action.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to deactivate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to lock or unlock a device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions through said individual signal unit.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions other than through said individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one local     signaling device; -   register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one     or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled     to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said local     signaling device, said third party output devices or external event     sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third     party output devices or external event sensors, -   said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through     user data entry into a web-based interface, aset of predefined steps     to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with said     third party-provided functions; -   receive a signal from said signaling device; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating to     one or more users, as configured by user data entry into said web     based interface, in response to events sensed by any one of said     external event sensors.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending an email to said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a push notification to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a text message to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the time of the event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the nature of a detected event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating a status of an item or a system.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, said system comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one individual     signal unit; -   register said individual signal unit to utilize functions provided     by one or more third party output devices or external event sensors     coupled to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said     individual signal unit, said third party output devices or external     event sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of     third party output devices or external event sensors, -   said registering entity configuring, at least in part, through user     data entry into a web-based interface, a set of predefined steps to     be taken by said one or more servers in connection with said third     party-provided functions; -   receive a signal from said individual signal unit; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating     instructions to said one or more third party output devices, and -   wherein a plurality of other service provider can configure said     individual signal units to complement the products and/or services     of each such other service provider, thereby allowing centralized     global access to consumers via said one or more servers.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to perform at least one action.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to deactivate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to lock or unlock a device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions through an individual signal unit.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions other than through an individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one individual     signal unit; -   register said individual signal unit to utilize functions provided     by one or more third party output devices or external event sensors     coupled to, or operating on the same said at least one Local Area     Network as said individual signal unit, said third party output     devices or external event sensors selectable by a registering entity     from a plurality of third party output devices or external event     sensors, -   said one or more servers configured to allow registration by being     configured, at least in part, through user data entry into a     web-based interface, a set of predefined steps to be taken by said     one or more servers in connection with said third party output     devices or external event sensors; -   receive a signal from said individual signal unit; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating to     one or more users, as configured by user data entry into said at     least one web based interface, in response to events sensed by any     one of said external event sensors; and -   wherein the individual signal units are configured to allow at least     one other service provider to configure the individual signal units     to complement the products and/or services of the at least one other     service provider, thereby allowing centralized global access to     consumers via said one of more servers.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending an email to said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a push notification to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a text message to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the time of the event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the nature of a detected event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating a status of an item or a system.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided an individual signal unit, said individual signal unit comprising:

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a power supply and power control module, -   (c) a logic circuit, and -   (d) at least one internal sensor; -   (e) logic to register said individual signal unit with one or more     remote servers accessible via a Wide Area Network to utilize     functions provided by one or more third party output devices or     external event sensors, said third party output devices or external     event sensors selectable from a plurality of third party output     devices or external event sensors;

-   said registration including configuration of a set of protocols for     such utilization, and said registration effected, at least in part,     through user data entry into a web-based interface to said one or     more remote servers; -   wherein said third party output devices or external event sensors     are one of:     -   directly connected to said individual signal unit; operating on         the same Local Area Network as said individual signal unit; or         connected to another device directly connected to, or operating         on the same Local Area Network as said individual signal unit;     -   and wherein said individual signal unit is configured to:         -   detect an event from said internal or external event             sensors;         -   send a signal to said one or more remote servers to cause             said one or more remote servers to execute a number of             predefined steps in response to said signal; and         -   wherein said predefined steps include communicating to one             or more users, as configured by user data entry into said             web based interface, in response to events sensed by any one             of said internal or external event sensors.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending an email to said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a push notification to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a text message to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the time of the event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the nature of a detected event.

Prefer ably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating a status of an item or a system.

In a further broad form of the invention, there is provided an individual signal unit, said individual signal unit comprising:

-   (a) a transceiver module, -   (b) a power supply and power control module, -   (c) a logic circuit, and -   (d) at least one internal sensor; -   (e) logic to register said individual signal unit with one or more     remote servers accessible via a Wide Area Network to utilize     functions provided by one or more third party output devices or     external event sensors, said third party output devices or external     event sensors selectable from a plurality of third party output     devices or external event sensors;

-   said registration including configuration of a set of protocols for     such utilization, and said registration effected, at least in part,     through user data entry into a web-based interface to said one or     more remote servers; -   wherein said third party output devices or external event sensors     are one of: directly connected to said individual signal unit;     operating on the same Local Area Network as said individual signal     unit; or connected to another device directly connected to, or     operating on the same Local Area Network as said individual signal     unit; -   and wherein said individual signal unit is configured to:     -   detect an event from said internal or external event sensors;     -   send a signal to said one or more remote servers to cause said         one or more remote servers to execute a number of predefined         steps in response to said signal; and     -   wherein said predefined steps include communicating instructions         to said one or more third party output devices.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises instructions to perform at least one action.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises instructions to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises instructions to deactivate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises instructions to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises instructions to lock or unlock a device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises transmitting instructions through said individual signal unit.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more party output devices comprises transmitting instructions other than through said individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a method of controlling third party output devices, said method comprising:

-   registering, by an individual signal unit comprising a transceiver     module and at least one internal sensor, with one or more remote     servers over a Wide Area Network; -   connecting, by said individual signal unit, to one or more third     party output devices or external event sensors, said third party     output devices or external event sensors selectable from a plurality     of third party output devices or external event sensors, or to a     Local Area Network to which are also connected one or more third     party output devices or external event sensors, said third party     output devices or external event sensors selectable from a plurality     of third party output devices or external event sensors; -   detecting, by said individual signal unit, an event from said     internal sensor or said external event sensors; -   transmitting, by said individual signal unit, a signal to said one     or more remote servers to cause said one or more remote servers to     execute a number of predefined steps in response to said signal,     said predefined steps configured, at least in part, through user     data entry into a web-based interface maintained by said central     control facility; and wherein said predefined steps include     communicating instructions to said one or more third party output     devices.

Preferably said transmitting causes said one or more remote servers to communicate instructions to said one or more third party output devices to perform at least one action.

Preferably said transmitting causes said one or more remote servers to communicate instructions to said one or more third party output devices to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said transmitting causes said one or more remote servers to communicate instructions to said one or more third party output devices to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said transmitting causes said one or more remote servers to communicate instructions to said one or more third party output devices to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.

Preferably said transmitting causes said one or more remote servers to communicate instructions to said one or more third party output devices to lock or unlock a device.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   over a Wide Area Network with at least one local signaling device; -   register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one     or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled     to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said Local     signaling device, said third party output devices or external event     sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third     party output devices or external event sensors, -   said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through     user data entry into a web-based interface, a set of predefined     steps to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with     said third party-provided functions; -   receive a signal from said signaling device; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating     instructions to said one or more third party output devices.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one ore more third party output devices comprises instructions to perform at least one action.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to deactivate at least one feature of said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one ore more third party output devices comprises instructions to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to lock or unlock a device.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions through said individual signal unit.

Preferably said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions other than through said individual signal unit.

In a further broad form of the invention there is provided a system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising:

one or more servers, configured to:

-   communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one local     signaling device; -   register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one     or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled     to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said local     signaling device, said third party output devices or external event     sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third     party output devices or external event sensors, -   said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through     user data entry into a web-based interface, aset of predefined steps     to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with said     third party-provided functions; -   receive a signal from said signaling device; and -   in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said     predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating to     one or more users, as configured by user data entry into said web     based interface, in response to events sensed by any one of said     external event sensors.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending an email to said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a push notification to a mobile device of said one or more users.

Preferably said communicating comprises sending a text message to one or more users.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users a mobile device of said comprises a communication indicating the time of the event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the nature of a detected event.

Preferably said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating a status of an item or a system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIGS. 1A, 1B, comprise representations of a preferred arrangement of communication between apparatus and users of a monitoring system according to the invention,

FIG. 2 , is a schematic of a preferred embodiment of an individual signal unit (ISU) of the arrangement of FIG. 1 ,

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a preferred enclosure for an individual signal unit according to the invention,

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the enclosure of FIG. 3 showing principle internal components of one embodiment of an individual signal unit,

FIGS. 5A to 5H represent a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an individual signal unit,

FIGS. 6 to 12 are pages of a possible web site for registering an individual signal unit with a central control facility,

FIGS. 13 to 16 are further pages of the web site of FIGS. 6 to 12 , for configuring of an individual signal unit,

FIGS. 17 to 19 are further pages of the web site adapted to allow an owner or authorized person to access data collected by an individual signal unit,

FIGS. 20A to 20H represent a diagram indicating examples of the interconnectivity of an individual signal unit (ISU) with a variety of communication systems, input devices, the web site of a central control facility and of that facility’s outputs,

FIGS. 21 to 23 show a variety of applications and functions of an ISU installed in a vehicle, including the interfacing of the ISU with the onboard computer of the vehicle,

FIGS. 24 and 25 show two pages of a possible web site for registering aspects of a vehicle’s performance monitoring and servicing arrangements,

FIG. 26 shows the interactions facilitated by means of an in-vehicle ISU for arranging servicing of the vehicle,

FIG. 27 shows a web page provided by a central control facility for registration of vehicle service providers who are willing to provide services to vehicles equipped with an ISU,

FIG. 28 shows an example of revenue streams which may be derived from vehicle service providers who register with the central control facility,

FIG. 29 is a block diagram of communication links between the major components of a system according to a further embodiment of the present invention,

FIGS. 30 to 45 comprise screenshots of a system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description builds on the description given in the applicant’s earlier filed International Patent Application PCT/AU2007/000958. In this instance, the features of note relate to the “community of development” which the basic system as previously described engenders and in respect of which enabling disclosure is provided below. From one view the system provides control over assets via the Internet irrespective of distances involved and the mobility of the controller or the asset and requiring only simple “do-it- yourself” installation. The system is configured by the user via the Internet. The tools available for configuration by the user can be provided in a wiki-style collaboration by a multiplicity of third parties allowing the features available to grow in a collaborative context over time. Specific embodiments of the individual signal units 22 are themselves programmable and re-programmable and configurable and re- configurable in response to the imagination of the users and the tools provided by the collaborating parties.

First Preferred Embodiment

With reference to FIG. 1A there is shown a reconfigurable, collaboratively expandable monitoring system 200 in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this instance the system comprises components as described with reference to FIG. 1B (see below). The emphasis in this instance revolves around the reconfigurability and collaborative input of the system 200 whereby third party providers 201 (in this instance, labelled P₁, P₂, P₃......P_(N)) provide respective tools 202 (in this instance, respectively nominated T₁, T₂, T₃..... T_(N)), which tools are available for the user/owner/nominated recipient 30 of a respective one or more individual signal units 22 to utilize so as to define steps or actions to occur consequence to events detected and reported by the individual signal units 22. The tools 202 are made available to a user 30 preferably via a web interface screen 203 which will include a tool assembly pane 204 where an individual user 30 can assemble a schedule of predefined steps 205 (step 1, 2, 3......N) to in response to events 206 (event 1, 2, 3......N). The manner of assembly of the predefined steps is described in more detail further in this specification. In this way a user 30 of one or more of the individual signal units 22 can program responses to events detected by the individual signal units 22 using tools 202 selected from an ever-increasing number of tools based on tools supplied by third party providers 201.

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the apparatus and connections included in a monitoring system 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. A central control facility 12 includes a data processing server 14 and data storage 16, linked to a transceiver 18. Central control facility 12 is in radio communication with a communication network such as a mobile phone network, or for example as shown in FIG. 1 , with at least one communication satellite 20, by means of transceiver 18.

In the example of a communication satellite 20, it in turn, is in telecommunication contact with a number of individual signal units 22, fir example via the Globe System for Mobile Communications (GSM), the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) or a similar communication network 21. Individual signal units 22 belong to registered users of the system and may be located anywhere within the signal footprint of a communication satellite (or satellites) 20, or of some other communication network.

Individual signal units 22 each are assigned a unique identifying code, and may take a number of physical configurations depending on the environment in which they are to be located. FIG. 3 shows one preferred form of an individual signal unit, comprising enclosure 50 with various input and output devices. In some preferred forms at least, they will comprise a rugged, moisture and tamper-proof outer casing with internal power supply and a selection of bracketry and other attachment means for affixing the devices to a variety of structures and surfaces. In other preferred forms the device may be incorporated in an item of equipment at manufacture, for example in the lantern structure of street lights.

The apparatus of a monitoring system may include a number of standard sensor devices available for purchase along with, or in addition to the individual signal unit 22. Each sensor device is adapted to respond to a predefined stimulus, and may include sensors for power status, smoke detection, motion detection, door or window opening, button press, fluid level, tampering, location via the GPS system and video camera, for example. These standard sensor devices are provided as a simple plug-in to the individual signal unit 22, via one of the input connection 64 or USB port shown in FIG. 4 , or other standard interface ports provided on the device.

An individual signal unit 22 may further be provided with internal error monitoring facilities, such as a power supply failure. Preferably also, individual signal units 22 are equipped with interference sensors to alert the central control facility 12 of tampering by unauthorized persons, or disturbance by animals for example.

Individual signal units 22 in at least one preferred embodiment, are provided with output relays to activate one or more external devices according to pre-programmed responses to sensor monitored events. Examples may include the activation of audio and/or visual alarms, the switching on of security lighting, closure of fire doors and so forth.

The power supply and control module 42 is adapted to maintain individual signal unit 22 in a passive, standby state until receiving a signal from an external event sensor. Such a signal initiates a powering up of the device, enabling it to transmit its unique encrypted identifying code to the central control facility. After transmission of this signal the individual signal unit powers down and returns to its passive standby state.

An individual signal unit 20 may also be brought into a powered up state on command from the central control facility 12. This powering up may be for the purpose of re-programming the individual signal unit 22 to install a new response procedure, for example after the installation of a new, or an additional external event sensor, relocation of the unit, or to modify an existing procedure.

Where an individual signal unit 22 is provided with data entry and display facilities, such programming or re-programming of the unit may be performed at the device itself. At the conclusion of such local data input, the new or modified data is transmitted to the central control facility to update its responses to any signals received from the individual signal unit as required.

Referring again to FIG. 1 , during a powered up state, as well as following any pre-programmed procedure for the activation of any local connected devices, individual signal unit 22 will transmit a signal via the network 21 and a satellite 20, reporting the event to the central control facility 12.

In a first simplest preferred form of the invention, asignal sent by an individual signal unit 22 consists solely of its unique encrypted identifying code. No data is sent with this code. The information as to what a receipt of this code by the central control facility means, is stored in the central processing computers of the facility. This information, which is supplied by and under the control of the registered owner of the individual signal unit, may include instructions as to what actions are to be taken in response to the signal.

Although in this preferred form of the invention, the individual signal unit 22 is only enabled to transmit a single encrypted identifying code, it may do so in various ways to indicate various events. Each external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code. For example if an external sensor device is activated, the code may be transmitted a predetermined number of times for that particular sensor at short intervals. However should an error condition develop in the device itself, such as for example a low battery situation, the code may be transmitted singly. The manner of transmission of this single encrypted code is then the determinant of the status of the device and of what action should be taken by the central control facility.

According to its pre-programmed instructions, an individual signal unit 22 may continue to transmit its signal at intervals for a pre-defined period as an aid in location of the device by service personnel alerted by the central control facility 12 as described below.

Again with reference to FIG. 1 , a received signal is acted upon by the central control facility 12, notifying any of a number of nominated recipients 30 according to a pre- established protocol negotiated between the registered user of the individual signal unit 22 and the control facility. Notification of details of a monitored event could be made in the form of an email via the Internet 29 as shown in FIG. 1 , by facsimile transmission or over the distributed network 21 to any personal communication device.

Typically, one nominated recipient 30 will be the registered user or owner of the individual signal unit from which the alerting signal was received. However nominated recipients may also include service providers, who are automatically notified of the occurrence and the nature of the event, the location of the individual signal unit and any other pre-defined details. Service providers may include police, fire and ambulance services, or equipment servicing personnel for example. At registration of an individual signal unit, the owner of the unit may elect that third parties be contacted only on receipt by the central control facility of authorization from the owner.

An applicant user or owner will be required to supply all relevant details of the individual signal unit, its external event sensing faculties, intended location and the procedures to be implemented on receipt of a signal from the device. The central control facility then issues the unique identification code for the individual signal unit. Alternatively, an individual signal unit may be pre-programmed at manufacture with its unique identifying code. As well, the applicant user or owner nominates a service provider of the GSM, GPRS or other communication system, for billing purposes, or alternatively, the central control facility makes this arrangement, with billing for such service included in the overall charge for use of the system.

The information thus received is used by the central control facility to program the procedure to be followed by the facility in response to signals received from the individual signal unit. The facility may also transmit data to the individual signal unit prior to its commissioning but subsequent to its installation at the infrastructure item, to set the parameters of signal transmission, such as frequency and interval of repeat transmissions for example.

With reference to FIG. 4 which shows an exploded view of one preferred form of an individual signal unit 22, enclosure 50 comprises a base portion 52 and cover portion 54. Housed within enclosure 50 are a communication module 56, for example using the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) standard for communication with a communication network, and antenna jack 58. Also contained within enclosure 50 is a rechargeable battery module 60, and various input and output connections, including power input/outputs 62, sensor inputs 64, device relay connections 66 and a universal serial bus (USB port) 68. Individual signal unit 22 may also be provided with status indicating light emitting diodes (LEDs) 70. Enclosure 50 is provided with a space, for example space 72 on cover 54, for display of a code used in the registration of the unit with the central control facility.

Each individual signal unit 22 is adapted to monitor the status of some aspect of an item of infrastructure, such as for example illustrated in FIG. 1 , a gate 22, irrigation control sluice 24 or tool shed 26.

As shown in the schematic of FIG. 2 , individual signal units 22 include at least a transceiver module 40, a rechargeable power supply and power control module 42, at least one external event sensor 44 and a logic circuit 46. For some applications, an individual signal unit may be provided with, or connected to, a magnetic card reader, enabling inspecting personnel to simply swipe an authorizing card as confirmation that the individual signal unit is in its proper position and functioning, or that some predefined task has been accomplished.

Preferably, the power supply 42 is rechargeable by means of a solar panel 48, but may also comprise batteries rechargeable from a mains power source, or replaceable battery packs. Where an individual signal unit has been incorporated in some item of infrastructure already provided with a power supply, such as in the street light example, power to the unit may be provided from that external supply.

An individual signal unit 22 may be provided with at Least one external event sensor 44 incorporated within the device itself, but individual signal units 22 are more preferably provided with a sensor interface allowing the unit to accept signals from a number of external event sensors connected to the interface. Thus for example an individual signal unit 22 may monitor a number of aspects of a remotely located facility, such as the doors and windows of a building or various items of equipment located on a service vehicle. With reference to FIG. 5 , the ISU may include the following components.

-   GSM Engine 74.

This is the central core of the device. It includes a GSM transceiver allowing the module to connect to and communicate over the GSM network. The transceiver also makes use of the GPRS capability of the GSM network to connect to a server of the central control facility using IP sockets. The GSM engine also includes a basic Python script interpreter to run application scripts (software) and a battery charger 75 to allowing the charging of a LiIon battery pack (connected via J5 on the circuit diagram of FIG. 5 ).

The application scripts (software) loaded into the GSM engine 74 allow the module to monitor the external sensors and devices connected to the ISU device and generate messages over the GPRS network to the central control facility server whenever there is a change in the status of these external sensors or devices. The typical operation will be for the GSM engine to connect to a known IP socket on a server at a known IP address. The message passed to the server via this connection will include the identification of the ISU device (typically the phone number associated with the SIM card) and the details of the input status change.

The GSM engine has a push button switch (S1 on the circuit diagram of Figure b) which allows the GSM engine to beturned on and off.

-   Network Status Indicator (D1 on circuit diagram)

An LED (light emitting diode) is provided to give an indication of the status of the ISU device. When the LED is permanently off, the device is powered down. When the LED is blinking quickly (approximately 1 second period), the GSM engine is searching for the GSM network and attempting to register itself with the network. When the LED is blinking slowly (approximately 3 second period), the GSM engine has registered itself with the GSM network and is in a state that will allow it to make a connection with a server should one of the inputs change state. When the LED is permanently on, there is an active call being made by the device.

-   Battery Status Indicator (D6 on the circuit diagram) A visible     indication of the charge status of the battery is provided using an     LED (light emitting diode). -   USB Connection (J3 on the circuit diagram)

The ISU device has a USB connection to allow the module to be connected to a Personal Computer. This connection allows the application scripts ( software) to be updated in the GSM Engine. Power is also drawn from the Personal Computer to recharge the LiIon battery. The power for the USB interface device (U6 on the circuit diagram) is taken from the USB connector. This mini mises the current drawn from the LiIon battery to extend the operational time between charges. Inter face components (U4 and U5 on the circuit diagram) isolate the connections between the USB device and the GSM engine when either the USB port is disconnected (USB device powered down) or the GSM engine has been turned off.

A protection device (UM on the circuit diagram) has been included on the USB port to protect the USB device from electrostatic discharge onto the pins of the USB connector.

-   External Sensor Inputs (IN1-4 signals on the circuit diagram)

The prototype ISU device implements 4 external sensor inputs. These connections are available on a dedicated input connector (J2 on the circuit diagram) and on the special attachment connector (J4 on the circuit diagram). These inputs have been configured to allow external sensors to simply connect these input signals to a 0 Volt return signal (available on both connectors) using a relay contact closure. This is the typical output from a wide range of sensors. An interface component (U3 on the circuit diagram) is provided to isolate the input signals from the GSM engine when the GSM engine has been turned off. There are also some protection devices (D2-5 on the circuit diagram) to protect the inputs of the interface component from electrostatic discharge onto the pins of the connectors.

-   Controlled Outputs (OUTI and OUT2 signals on the circuit diagram)

The prototype ISU device implements 2 controlled outputs. These outputs allow external devices to be switched by the ISU device. These outputs are implemented using transistors QI and Q2. The connections to external devices can be made either by the dedicated output connector (J1 on the circuit diagram) or the special attachment connector (J4 on the circuit diagram).

-   Special Attachment Connector (J4 on the circuit diagram)

A special attachment connector has been provided on the ISU device to allow it to be plugged into purpose built sensors. These sensors will be engineered to accommodate the ISU device and all of the required connections between the two devices are made through the single attachment connector. This connector supports attachments that are self-powered and are capable of providing current to recharge the battery in the ISU, as well as attachments that do not have their own power supply and require current from the ISU device’s battery to operate.

The apparatus of a monitoring system may include a number of standard sensor devices available for purchase along with, or in addition to the individual signal unit 22. Each sensor device is adapted to respond to a predefined stimulus, and may include sensors for power status, smoke detection, motion detection, door or window opening, button press, fluid level, tampering, location via the GPS system and video camera, for example. These standard sensor devices are provided as a simple plug-in to the individual signal unit 22, via one of the input connection 64 or USB port shown in FIG. 4 , or other standard interface ports provided on the device.

An individual signal unit 22 may further be provided with internal error monitoring facilities, such as a power supply failure. Preferably also, individual signal units 22 are equipped with interference sensors to alert the central control facility 12 of tampering by unauthorized persons, or disturbance by animals for example.

Individual signal units 22 in at least one preferred embodiment, are provided with output relays to activate one or more external devices according to pre-programmed responses to sensor monitored events. Examples may include the activation of audio and/or visual alarms, the switching on of security lighting, closure of fire doors and so forth.

The power supply and control module 42 is adapted to maintain individual signal unit 22 in a passive, standby state until receiving a signal from an external event sensor. Such a signal initiates a powering up of the device, enabling it to transmit its unique encrypted identifying code to the central control facility. After transmission of this signal the individual signal unit powers down and returns to its passive standby state.

An individual signal unit 20 may also be brought into a powered up state on command from the central control facility 12. This powering up may be for the purpose of re-programming the individual signal unit 22 to install a new response procedure, for example after the installation of a new, or an additional external event sensor, relocation of the unit, or to modify an existing procedure.

Where an individual signal unit 22 is provided with data entry and display facilities, such programming or re- programming of the unit may be performed at the device itself. At the conclusion of such local data input, the new or modified data is transmitted to the central control facility to update its responses to any signals received from the individual signal unit as required.

Referring again to FIG. 1 , during a powered up state, as well as following any pre-programmed procedure for the activation of any local connected devices, individual signal unit 22 will transmit a signal via the network 21 and a satellite 20, reporting the event to the central control facility 12.

In a first simplest preferred form of the invention, a signal sent by an individual signal unit 22 consists solely of its unique encrypted identifying code. No data is sent with this code. The information as to what a receipt of this code by the central control facility means, is stored in the central processing computer s of the facility. This information, which is supplied by and under the control of the registered owner of the individual signal unit, may include instructions as to what actions are to be taken in response to the signal.

Although in this preferred form of the invention, the individual signal unit 22 is only enabled to transmit a single encrypted identifying code, it may do so in various ways to indicate various events. Each external event sensor is associated with a unique sequence of repeat transmissions of said unique identification code. For example if an external sensor device is activated, the code may be transmitted a predetermined number of times for that particular sensor at short intervals. However should an error condition develop in the device itself, such as for example a low battery situation, the code may be transmitted singly. The manner of transmission of this single encrypted code is then the determinant of the status of the device and of what action should be taken by the central control facility.

According to its pre-programmed instructions, an individual signal unit 22 may continue to transmit its signal at intervals for a pre-defined period as an aid in location of the device by service personnel alerted by the central control facility 12 as described below.

Again with reference to FIG. 1 , a received signal is acted upon by the central control facility 12, notifying any of a number of nominated recipients 30 according to a pre-established protocol negotiated between the registered user of the individual signal unit 22 and the control facility. Notification of details of a monitored event could be made in the form of an email via the Internet 29 as shown in FIG. 1 , by facsimile transmission or over the distributed network 21 to any personal communication device.

Typically, one nominated recipient 30 will be the registered user or owner of the individual signal unit from which the alerting signal was received. However nominated recipients may also include service providers, who are automatically notified of the occurrence and the nature of the event, the location of the individual signal unit and any other pre-defined details. Service providers may include police, fire and ambulance services, or equipment servicing personnel for example. At registration of an individual signal unit, the owner of the unit may elect that third parties be contacted only on receipt by the central control facility of authorization from the owner.

An applicant user or owner will be required to supply all relevant details of the individual signal unit, its external event sensing faculties, intended Location and the procedures to be implemented on receipt of a signal from the device. The central control facility then issues the unique identification code for the individual signal unit. Alternatively, an individual signal unit may be pre-programmed at manufacture with its unique identifying code. As well, the applicant user or owner nominates a service provider of the GSM, GPRS or other communication system, for billing purposes, or alternatively, the central control facility makes this arrangement, with billing for such service included in the overall charge for use of the system.

The information thus received is used by the central control facility to program the procedure to be followed by the facility in response to signals received from the individual signal unit. The facility may also transmit data to the individual signal unit prior to its commissioning but subsequent to its installation at the infrastructure item, to set the parameters of signal transmission, such as frequency and interval of repeat transmissions for example.

Second Preferred Embodiment

In a second preferred embodiment, the individual signal unit of the present invention again includes at least a transceiver module 40, a rechargeable power supply and power control module 42, and at least one external event sensor 44 and a logic circuit 46 as shown in FIG. 1 . In this embodiment however, the unit may further be provided with a data storage device able to record analogue or digital input from a device connected to the individual signal unit.

In this embodiment also, the unit is not restricted in its transmission to the central control facility of it unique identifying code but is enabled to transmit the input analogue or digital data, either in real time, or retrieved from its data storage device at predetermined times or on command form the central control facility.

Thus in this form, the individual signaling unit may have attached as an input device such equipment as a video camera, sound recording equipment or a Global Positioning System (GPS) module for example. The connection of a GPS module allows the individual signal unit to report its location, either continuously, at predetermined intervals or on command from the central control facility. Similarly, a video camera may send images on a continuous basis, at predetermined intervals or as commanded. Alternatively, data from a camera, GPS module, etc. may be stored in the data storage device (if so provided) of the individual signal unit for later interrogation and download to the central control facility.

In either of the above described preferred embodiments, an individual signal unit may be provided with an on/off facility adapted for local activation. That is a facility whereby a registered user or other authorized person can switch the unit between power off and standby for monitoring. This facility may be a Radio Frequency (RE) responder unit, either incorporated in the individual signal unit itself, or as a connected input device.

Connectivity

The flexibility of the individual signal unit (ISU) in the many ways it can be interfaced with other devices is illustrated in FIGS. 20A to 20D). In its simplest form as illustrated in FIG. 20A, some sensing device, for example a motion detector 140 is connected to an ISU 142 via a standard input/output (I/O) connector 144 provided on the ISU. In this instance the ISU 142 has been configured to send a signal, when activated by input from the motion sensor, via a GSM network 146 to the central control facility (represented in these figures by its web site 148). The web site 148 of the central control facility acts on the received signal according to pre-configured instructions received from the user of the ISU 142. In this example, an SMS message 150 is sent to the user’s mobile phone 152.

As shown in the sequence illustrated by FIG. 20B, the web site 148 of the central control facility may communicate with the user 154 of the ISU 142 over any one or combination of current or future communication systems 156.

Likewise, as shown in FIG. 20C, the ISU 142 and central control facility may be configured to send and receive a signal from a sensed event via any form of signal transmission, and as further illustrated in FIG. 20E, messages to a user or registered owner of an ISU 142 may be transmitted to any type of communication device.

These may include SMS messaging, Internet, voice, facsimile transmissions, use of the GPRS system, telephone, pagers and satellite. Thus the central control facility may communicate the occurrence of an incident to the user’s mobile phone, computer, land-line telephone, and facsimile machine. As well, the control facility may where appropriate communicate with another ISU, programmable logic controller (PLC) or transfer data to a designated database. Thus, by connecting an output device, for example a PLC, actuator, or motor and the like, to an ISU, the predefined steps or actions to be executed could include the initiation of processes at the remote location at which the ISU is situated.

Also as shown in FIG. 20D and FIG. 20E, the ISU may be configured with a number of standard input/output connectors 160, including but not limited to, USB and RF ports, infrared, Wi/Fi, Bluetooth and Fire wire receivers for example. Sensors 162 communicating with any one or more of these connectors may include, motion detectors, switches, telephone, measuring devices, data sources, programmable logic controllers and other attachments.

Depending on its configurations, the ISU 142 may communicate with the web site 148 of the central control facility by any of a number of distributed communication systems 158. These may include, as shown on FIG. 20E, the GSM or other mobile phone networks, satellite based systems, the Internet, wireless broadband, the copper telephone network and voice.

In addition to these communication systems being used to send messages or other forms of communication to the user or registered owner of the ISU, the central control facility may use the same systems for communication with other service providers 162 as shown in FIG. 20F. Using tracking systems available via the GSM network, an ISU’s signal can be used to determine its location as indicated schematically in FIG. 20G.

FIG. 20H shows still a further example of how the connectivity of the ISU with sensing equipment may be utilized. Sensors 162 associated with an advertising board may monitor for temperature, crowd sizes or other parameters associated with advertising effectiveness. Based on these measurements and in accordance with the ISU user’s configured instructions, the ISU may provide the most appropriate advertising information, thereby enabling premium charges.

Some further features of the monitoring system according to the invention include:

-   the ISU and server are programmable and can support a wide range of     inputs. -   The ISU is not restricted to the above described inputs and outputs.

Additional or alternative inputs and outputs can be readily added to the design.

-   ▪ The ISU can support variety of transport mechanisms including     CDMA, and satellite depending on what distributed communication     system is available. -   The message sever of the central control facility is based on     scalable architecture allowing it to be duplicated or upgraded to     support increased traffic in the future. -   The ISU can support a simple LCD or other graphic display unit, to     provide a user with status information. -   The ISU can be integrated into products as an OEM (Original     Equipment Manufacturer) module. This may be a user upgradeable or     factory fitted option.

The monitoring system of the present invention lends itself to commercial exploitation in a number of ways. Some of these may be summarized as:

-   Licensing of complete systems developed by others as ISU certified -   Retail of ISUs for ad hoc users -   Inviting existing products and services to join user configurable     web-based systems -   Additional programming and systems service charges -   Building custom-designed measurement and control applications -   Asset monitoring, for example     -   Vehicle care     -   Security     -   Innovative equipment hire options     -   Triangulation     -   Wildlife and stock tracking     -   Scheduling     -   Environmental monitoring -   Asset control, for example     -   Environmental control - Local government, national parks,         defense     -   Plant control - factories, farms, local government     -   Access control - remote door opening

Revenue may be derived from a number of activities associated with the ISU based monitoring system, for example:

-   Unit sales ISUs and attachments -   Unit rentals -   Monthly registration fees -ISU network, optional services -   Network services charges (e.g. SMS, GPRS, etc.) -   Development - programming, design -   Annul license fees for custom or retrofitted applications -   Access to ISU network fees for other service providers -   Industry co-operation commissions (e.g. Insurance rebates -   License fees from monitoring agents (e.g. Callout providers)

With reference now to FIG. 24 , with an ISU fitted to a vehicle and interfaced with the vehicle’s onboard computer, the vehicle becomes another device for which the registered owner of the ISU can configure various actions associated with aspects of the vehicle. One category of configuration as shown in FIG. 24 is a listing of preferred or potential servicing facilities for the vehicle from which quotation may be solicited for servicing or repair. Performance and satisfaction ratings may be assigned to these facilities garnered from data collected by third party assessors and supplied to the central control facility.

A further configurable option shown in FIG. 25 , is for the owner or manager of the vehicle to receive data of performance parameters of the vehicle.

FIG. 26 shows a possible result of a vehicle management configuration using the ISU in a vehicle to arrange for servicing of the vehicle at a predefined service interval. The ISU, monitoring the vehicle’s onboard computer, signals the central control facility that the vehicle has reached the given odometer reading. This activates the central control facility to obtain quotations for service and possible dates at which the service may be accommodated from the three service nominated by the vehicle’s owner at registration. To provide the above service to purchasers of an ISU for an in-vehicle application, the central control facility may establish a database of service providers willing to offer services and provide quotations to registered users of the ISU monitoring system. FIG. 27 shows a web based page service providers may use to register, including the provision of details of any specialized services they may wish to nominate.

This aspect of the application of the monitoring system of the invention provides for a further revenue stream for the central control facility. An example of a pricing structure for vehicle service providers who wish to promote their services to owners of vehicle based ISUs is shown in FIG. 28 .

Componentry

As set out in more detail above, the principle components of the ISU are:

-   Network module     -   Processor     -   memory -   Connectors -   Power source

Within these broad component modules, the ISU may be configured in various models with varying attributes:

-   Network - interchangeable -   Connectors - versatility and adaptability focused -   Capacity - storage, transmission quantity of data -   Durability - weather proofing, water proofing, shock proofing -   Power - mains, battery, solar. Achieving long standby periods of 5     years -   Compact size

As an example of one possible configuration, an ISU could comprise, a GPRS Module GM862; I/O Connector (J4) 2214R-16SG-85; Light Pipe C435815; LED (alarm and network) 0805KRCT; Switch (On/off) ELTSA-63; USB Connector 5075BMR05SM; 4 Pin Edge Connectors S4B-PH-K-S (output); 8 Pin Edge Connectors S8B-PH-K-S (input); Battery Sanyo UF55344F; Arial Coax 22-SMA-50-0-53.

Attachments

The ISU may be adapted to accept input from virtually any signal producing device. Some currently known examples include: motion detectors, Bluetooth accessories, alarms, detectors and responders.

Other attachable devices include programmable logic controllers, (which may for example be programmed to act on vending machines, dispensers and robots) message boards, remote monitoring devices, RF networks and remote control units.

In Use

Individual signal units 22 are added to the monitoring system 10 by registration with the central control facility 12. Such registration may be accomplished by an applicant user or owner over an Internet web site maintained by the central control facility. Data monitored by an individual signal unit can only be accessed by the registered owner or by third parties authorized by the owner, through use of a user name and password established when a unit is first registered.

The User

A new user of the system may purchase an individual signal unit 22 at any authorized outlet, such as for example a mobile phone retailer. As well he or she may select from a range of standard sensor units compatible with the individual signal unit also available at the authorized outlet or obtainable from an accredited supplier. Preferably, the individual signal unit is adapted to accept as input up to four individual sensor devices via input connector 64. Thus for example, an individual signal unit may have connected a motion sensor, a video camera, a microphone as well as a smoke alarm (not shown).

Preferably also, the individual signal unit 22 is provided with at least two output relays via output connectors 66, to which may be connected external devices such as security lights or audio alarm for example.

To make use of the equipment, a new owner must register with the central control facility, preferably over an internet web site maintained by the facility, or by telephone. With reference to FIGS. 6 to 12 , the process of registration over the facility web site includes the following steps;

-   1. After logging onto the web site and selecting the option of     registering 100 as shown in FIG. 6 , the owner enters personal     details 102 and selects a user name 104 and password 106 for future     interaction with the facility, as shown in FIG. 7 . -   2. At this point also the owner is required to establish an account     with the facility for billing purposes. -   3. Next, as shown in FIG. 8 , the owner is invited to enter the     identification code number 110 of the purchased individual signal     unit. This may be provided on the packaging in which the device was     purchased or, preferably printed on a removable sticker attached to     the device itself, (for example in the space 72 on cover portion 54     as shown in FIG. 4 ). -   4. If the device is provided with a display module, a Confirmation     Code is displayed when power is provided to the unit, that is when     it is first switched on. This number 112 is then also entered as     shown in FIG. 9 . -   5. For ease of identification, the owner may nominate a brief     description 114, typically associated with the function or location     of the signal ling unit and its connected sensor/s, as shown in FIG.     10 . For a fixed device, that is one that is not expected to, or     which should not move from its installed location, the geographic     location may be specified at registration, by means of recording the     coordinates from a GPS unit. -   6. The owner is then invited to nominate which sensor unit or units     are to be connected to the individual signal unit, either by     clicking on an icon 116 as shown in FIG. 11 , or from a drop-down     menu 120 as shown in FIG. 12 . -   7. When registration formalities have been completed, the owner is     given the opportunity to configure the individual signal unit; that     is to establish the protocols to be followed by the central control     facility in response to a signal transmitted by the device. -   8. As shown in FIG. 13 , monitoring of the unit may be within     specified times 122 or be continuous. Clearly, where for example a     device is installed in commercial premises, monitoring for security     purposes may only be desired outside working hours. -   9. The inputs of the web site page shown in FIG. 14 allow the owner     to specify some parameters as to the conditions 124 which must     obtain for an alert situation to be reported. -   10. As shown in FIG. 15 , the owner may then nominate a message 126     which is to be sent to the owner in the cade an alert situation     arises. -   11. The input web site page of FIG. 16 allows the owner to nominate     one or more ways 128 in which an alert message is to be sent by the     facility. It also allows the owner to nominate a service supplier,     for example a security agency which may be instructed to inspect the     site of installation of the individual signal unit. In addition,     commands can be specified to activate any external device/s which     may be connected to the individual signal unit outputs, such as the     switching on of a security light.

This sequence of steps completes the registration and configuration of the individual signal unit, the attached sensor and any output device/s and the response steps to be taken by the central control facility if a signal from the registered individual signal unit is received.

In addition to registration and configuration, the central control facility web site may be accessed at any time by the owner (or other authorized person) of a registered individual signal unit, by entering security user name and password, for example. Several options 130 are then presented to the owner of the individual signal unit as shown in FIG. 17 .

One of the available options is the facility of locating an individual signal unit. When this option is selected, but the individual signal unit is not fitted with a GPS module, the central control facility can command the individual signal unit to transmit its unique identifying code for a sufficient length of time to enable triangulation of its location from three or more stations of the distributed communication network. This location is then superposed on a map 132 and the map and marked detected location relayed to the owner of the individual signal unit as shown in FIG. 18 .

Another option available to a registered owner is the ability to reconfigure the registered individual signal unit. This may be desirable if the device is to be moved to another location, used for a different application, or sensors added or removed from the device for example.

A third option available to the registered owner, is that of checking the current status of the device and its event history. As shown in FIG. 19 , this information may be displayed to the owner in tabular form. In the example shown, this owner has four devices 134 registered with the central control facility, and can see at a glance the current status as well as a record of detected incidents reported by each sensing device.

For example “Toolbox 1,” may be a toolbox fitted with an individual signal unit, located on an item of earth moving plant left unattended at a work site. The tabulated history shows it has been interfered with at the time and on the date shown 136. Depending on the pre-programmed procedure associated with the individual signal unit, the owner or personnel responsible for the equipment may be alerted within minutes. Alerting messages may be transmitted via any preferred or multiple media, for example by telephone, mobile phone text messages, facsimile or by email.

“Grandma” may be an individual signal unit incorporated in a personal security module in which the sensor is a push button, providing an elderly (or incapacitated) person with a means of alerting someone to a distress situation.

The Commercial User

The individual signal unit of the present invention may be incorporated at manufacture (or be retro-fitted) to an item of infrastructure or instrumentation. Individual signal units so incorporated are registered with the central control facility in a similar way to that described for the public user above. In the example given earlier of streetlight fittings, streetlights under the control of a local authority are fitted, preferably at manufacture, with a sensor and individual signal unit. The individual signal unit for each streetlight is assigned a unique encrypted code which is associated with data maintained in the central control facility’s computers. This data may include the type of bulb fitted and the location of the particular streetlight. The data may further include an instruction set as to what action to take when an encrypted code signal is received by the control facility. This could include a message to the maintenance department and even a requisition on a supplier of the required bulb so that a check of bulb stock and possible resupply will automatically follow.

Similarly, smoke alarms may incorporate an individual signal unit, with the smoke detector circuit providing an input to the signaling unit when smoke is detected. In this example power for the signaling unit may be provided in common with the smoke detector power supply.

In another example, individual signal units may beincorporated in parking meters, with sensing for example of coin full, out of paper or tampering conditions.

In a further example, as alluded to above, individual signal units provided with magnetic card readers as input attachments may be incorporated or attached at a number of locations within or on the outside of various buildings. Security personnel or cleaners may then swipe an appropriate card through the reader to trigger a signal to the central control facility, which then forwards notification to an appropriate nominated recipient that the building is secure or has been cleaned.

An individual signal unit may be installed in plant and commercial vehicles, monitoring for example power up and power down of an engine so as to track duty cycles, servicing intervals and improper use for example. In this example, the owner of the plant or vehicle can access the central control facility and obtain a record of the times the plant was in operation and log the hours of service.

In yet a further example, individual signal units with appropriate sensors may be located along rivers and streams to give early warning of changes in water levels.

Other areas of use include the monitoring of vending machines as to status of stock and tampering for example. Items of utility infrastructure, such as water and gas supply equipment also may be conveniently monitored for usage and error conditions.

In at least one embodiment of the invention, the action taken by the control facility may be predicated on a secondary layer of instructions received from the owner of the individual signal unit and the sensor or sensors attached to it. For example the registration of the unit may include a number of optional actions for the control facility to implement after a first notification to the owner (or an authorized recipient designated by the registered owner) of an event.

For example, where the individual signal unit is monitoring the security of a site office or container at a building site, the possible actions to be taken by the central control facility may include:

-   1. to ignore -   2. to call a contracted security firm -   3. to call the site foreman -   4. to call a neighbor -   5. to call the police

The primary instructions on record at the control facility to be followed on receipt of a signal from the individual signal unit installed at the building site, is to send an SMS message to the owner or authorized recipient. He or she may respond for example with “34”. The control facility will then carry out actions 3 and 4 of the possible actions of the secondary layer of instructions by notifying the site foreman (3) and the neighbor (4) of the event.

In a further example of use, as summarized in FIGS. 21 to 23 , the ISU may be interfaced with the management computer of a private or commercial vehicle. This allows the management of many aspects of the vehicle, its running costs, performance as well as the scheduling of servicing and even the acquisition of service availability and quotations for service.

This application of the ISU is of particular use for operators of hire cars for example with an ISU as described above to provide any of the data transferable from a car’s onboard computer. These may include the status of the vehicle’s door locks at any given time, for example to indicate if it has been left unlocked while not in use.

In the case of loss of keys of any vehicle, the ISU could be instructed to lock and keep locked the doors of the vehicle until this command was reversed.

As in-vehicle ISU could be used to augment the entertainment system of the vehicle by accessing the internet via wireless broadband for downloading music and videos, accessing a remote computer and using the internet for surfing.

Still with reference to FIG. 22 , the addition of suitable devices to the ISU could allow the remote immobilization of a stolen vehicle, and activate various alarm and indicators that a the vehicle is being interfered with.

Information extracted from the vehicle’s onboard computer, if relayed to a designated repair center when the vehicle suffers malfunction at some remote location, could be used by the repair center to issue instructions for repairs.

FIG. 23 provides an overview of potential uses of an ISU installed in a vehicle and the actions which may follow on from the monitoring of the status, or measurement of various parameters associated with the vehicle’s use and its equipment.

It will be appreciated that the individual signal unit and monitoring system described above provides an extremely flexible and effective way of disseminating an alert of an alarm generated by any of a range of events at widely dispersed locations to owners of the device and/or those service providers best able to deal effectively with the cause of the alarm, and allows a unit owner to specify the circumstances under which the owner is to be contacted actions taken.

The system provides:

-   Global machine to machine communication -   Distance independence -   Location independence -   Mobility independence -   5 minute DIY installation -   An extraordinary number of marketable products.

The individual signal unit (ISU) system of the present invention provides a missing link people products and services.

-   With unlimited scope and versatility the ISU platform can receive     information via any network and initiate a user-configured chain of     events, anywhere in the world to anyone. -   It is capable of bringing world-wide products and services to a     centralized system for multiple uses and applications. -   The small compact ISU (similar in size and appearance of a small MP3     player may be adapted to access advanced programming and resources     with little or no setup.

Data Flow

With reference to FIG. 29 the data flow for the reconfigurable, collaboratively expandable monitoring system 200 is described in block diagram form. Like components are numbered as for earlier embodiments except in the 200 series. For example central control facility 12 becomes central control facility 212 comprising a main server and database. In this instance the main server and database 212 are in bidirectional communication with one or more individual signal units 222. The main server and database 212 are also in bidirectional communication with the third party tool source 201. In addition, main server and database 212 are also in bidirectional communication with a user computer 230. In use, main server and database 212 is loaded with a plurality of tools 202, at least some of which are supplied over bidirectional tool link 280. Specified ones of the tools 202 are selected and set to trigger in response to event data supplied over ISU bidirectional link 281. The selection of tools and programming of tools to respond to event data transmitted from bidirectional link 281 is provided by control data input from user computer 230 and transmitted on user bidirectional link 282 to the main server and database 212. Bidirectional link 281 is also utilized to send data from main server and database 212 to the individual signal unit 222 for the purposes of reprogramming and amending its Local capabilities.

As events occur, the main server and database 212 responds to the event data transmitted over bidirectional link 281 in accordance with the event response sequence programmed via control data previously supplied via bidirectional link 282. At least some of the responses resulting may result in data being transferred over bidirectional link 280 to the tool source 201.

Third Embodiment

With reference to FIGS. 30, 31, 32 that is illustrated screenshots defining a third embodiment of the present application for which incorporates the data flow characteristics of FIG. 29 . The scenarios that this data flow capability provides include the following:

Third Party Tool Sources

A third party can provide a pre-prepared tool, for example based on a home security package. The package can be accessed as a link on the web accessible menu whereby a visitor can cite and purchase the “home security package” which will result in delivery of one or more ISU units as part of the package for installation by the user (or expert installation by an additional third party). Any security events reported by the ISU units, once installed, can then be pre-configured either by the user or by the third party tool provider. In preferred forms, some aspects will be able to be configured by the user whilst other aspects will be configured by the tool provider. For example, the tool provider might mandate that in the event of an intrusional event a specific telephone number is rung or other specific notification of event is made which links in with a security provider mandated by the third party tool provider.

A further capability which a rises from the third party tool provision which, in turn, in response to specific events, raises the need for a further service provision relates to the opening up of a market to provide that flow on or consequential service. So, for example, at first instance, the third party tool provider may offer a particular flow on or consequential service provider. However the web accessible database can accommodate other service providers bidding to fulfil the relevant flow on service. This might, for example, be as simple as the provision of a security guard to be called out to the site when an intrusion event is detected by the ISU and reported to the database. Such flow on security services may be provided either directly by the third party tool provider or by an alternative “freelance” service provider who may be able to provide the service at a cheaper rate. The possibility is also open that the freelance service provider is in fact engaged by the third party tool provider in substitute for the in-house security service flow on provider normally used because the “freelance” provider can provide the service openly at a cheaper rate, resulting in benefit both to the user of the ISU and also the third party tool provider.

Events Monitored by Database

Earlier embodiments envisaged the user who performs the programming of event sequencing also being the person who monitors the occurrences of events. However, a user of an ISU may elect a “premium service” whereby programming of responses to events is performed by the database system itself rather than by the user who purchased the ISU. In its simplest form this can be again performed by the purchasing of predefined packages as illustrated in the screenshots. For example, auser may elect to purchase a car monitoring package. At the “premium service” level the package, once purchased would result in delivery of one or more ISU units for installation in the vehicle which the user could either perform themselves or arrange for expert assistance. The responses to any events generated by the ISU in the vehicle can be designed by the database which, in many scenarios, will in fact be a definition provided by a third party tool provider. As for the scenario provided immediately above, the flow on consequential services (for example, replacing a flat battery in a vehicle or a punctured tire) can be provided “in-house” by the third party tool provider or could, in turn, be sold to the most cost-effective “freelance” provider.

Freelance Providers

The above described system allows the possibility for freelance service providers to provide, in particular but not exclusively, one of the termed above flow on services . The freelance service providers may register on the website of the database . They may pay for positioning in order to have a better chance of being engaged to provide their services either directly by the users of the IS Us or by the third party tool providers.

Profile Export

A particular user profile, for example, associated in a particular package, can be exported to a new user whereby, the new user will become the entity to whom events are reported and who can program or reprogram the event responses.

Advertising Placement

The website of FIGS. 30 to 45 also illustrates the possibility of the third party tool providers actually advertising in association with the tool provision. So, for example, a third party tool provider, for example a provider of insurance, might advertise that its insurance rates will be halved if a user purchases and installs a security ISU (either directly themselves or via one of the predefined packages). In exchange the tool provider gets access to client data and the ability to program or reprogram the ISU at Least in part in order to define and channel services and, particularly, cost-effective services to events flagged by the ISU. (FIG. 2 OH of previous embodiments emphasizes the control signal flow available under this scenario).

The ISU site shows solution fields which are a start to defining the versatility of the users requirements. This is defined by either view of the site sections or searching for an item. All products are defined by the search item and the advertising and third parties are linked to the applications searched.

In each field there will be multiple bundles that are a pre-configured options which will allow the user to plug and play with no setup

Each option will have the associated third party providers linked and different level of services and functionality available to both the user and the third party.

The user will select their application and drop into their cart or profile page and through registration can either plug and play or reconfigure the device having total control or providing third party providers with the control they require.

The search field will define the packages suitable to the person linking the relevant local providers to the new ISU application and to the potential business opportunities created by the new data available.

The user will define the content and structure of their own page to suit their applications either in a business or personality defined way. The site will cater as self designed or via an existing third party methodologies and allow third-party influencing.

The registration will define the users information and preferences to their ISU solution.

With multiple levels of user interaction and third party involvement the configurability will allow a sharing type system so that tasks can be easily shared or allocated and groups / solutions to be created. The user concept of community development starts here, providing a core from which opportunities are created having imagination as the only limit.

The user configure page and the solution developer allow individuals to create new applications with the help from ISU programmers as well as provide a platform for which programmers can developer applications for the ISU site.

The above describes only some embodiments of the present invention and modifications, obvious to those skilled in the art, can be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. 

1. A system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising: one or more servers, configured to: communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one local signaling device; register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said local signaling device, said third party output devices or external event sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third party output devices or external event sensors, said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through user data entry into a web-based interface, a set of predefined steps to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with said third party-provided functions; receive a signal from said signaling device; and in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices.
 2. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to perform at least one action.
 3. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to activate at least one feature of said third party output device.
 4. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to deactivate at least one feature of said third party output device.
 5. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to cause audio signals to be emitted from said third party output device.
 6. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises instructions to lock or unlock a device.
 7. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions through said individual signal unit.
 8. The system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices of claim 1, wherein said communicating instructions to said one or more third party output devices comprises transmitting instructions other than through said individual signal unit.
 9. A system for monitoring and control of external sensors and output devices, comprising: one or more servers, configured to: communicate over a Wide Area Network with at least one local signaling device; register said signaling device to utilize functions provided by one or more third party output devices or external event sensors coupled to, or operating on the same Local Area Network as, said local signaling device, said third party output devices or external event sensors selectable by a registering entity from a plurality of third party output devices or external event sensors, said registration comprising configuring, at least in part, through user data entry into a web-based interface, a set of predefined steps to be taken by said one or more servers in connection with said third party-provided functions; receive a signal from said signaling device; and in response to receiving said signal, execute at least some of said predefined steps, wherein said execution includes communicating to one or more users, as configured by user data entry into said web based interface, in response to events sensed by any one of said external event sensors.
 10. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises sending an email to said one or more users.
 11. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a push notification to a mobile device of said one or more users.
 12. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises sending a text message to a mobile device of said one or more users.
 13. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the time of the event.
 14. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating the nature of a detected event.
 15. The individual signal unit of claim 1, wherein said communicating to one or more users comprises a communication indicating a status of an item or a system. 